What is EMC certification? EMC certification review

Content related

Electromagnetic compatibility includes two aspects: EMI (electromagnetic interference) and EMS (electromagnetic tolerance). EMI includes CE (conducted interference), RE (radiated interference), PT (interference power test), etc.; EMS includes ESD (electrostatic discharge), RS (radiated tolerance), EFT/B (fast pulse tolerance), surge (lightning strike), CS (conducted tolerance), etc.

Specific introduction

In the European Union, EMC certification is also known as electromagnetic compatibility CE certification. It is under the framework of CE certification, that is, the electromagnetic compatibility directive in CE certification. The corresponding directive number is 2014/30/EU. EMC certification is part of CE certification. Electronic appliances and other products must comply with the requirements of the EMC directive to pass CE certification.

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the ability of electronic equipment to exist in an electromagnetic environment without causing interference or disruption to other electronic equipment in that environment. EMC is generally divided into two categories:

1. Radiation - Electromagnetic interference emitted by electronic equipment, which may cause interference/malfunction to other electronic equipment in the same environment. Also known as electromagnetic interference (EMI).

2. Immunity/Susceptibility - Immunity refers to the ability of an electronic device to operate normally in an electromagnetic environment without interference/malfunctioning due to radiation emitted by other electronic devices. Susceptibility is basically the opposite of immunity in that the less resistant a device is to electromagnetic interference, the more susceptible it is.

Normally immunity testing is not required for consumer/commercial type products sold/distributed in Australia, New Zealand, North America and Canada.

EMC test content

In order for a product to comply with EMC requirements, EMC testing should be performed at various stages of the product life cycle. The exact nature of the testing and whether it needs to be performed will depend on the specific situation, the product requirements, and the nature of the product introduction. For example, if the product is being purchased, then there is no need to test during development.

(1) Broadly speaking, EMC testing may involve four stages:

1. Development and testing

2. Pre-compliance testing

3. EMC conformance test

4. Production test

It is useful to be able to categorise the different stages of EMC testing, as each stage has slightly different requirements and can be approached differently.

(2) Test content:

1. Conducted emissions

2. Radiated Emission

3. Conducting immunity

4. Radiation immunity

5. ESD immunity

6. Temporary immunity

7. Surge Immunity

EMC Certification Standards

1: GB4343-1995 "Measurement methods and allowable values ​​of radio interference characteristics of household and similar electric and heating appliances, electric tools and similar electrical appliances" This standard was issued on August 25, 1995 and implemented on December 1, 1996.

2: GB4343.2-1999 "Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for household appliances, electric tools and similar equipment Part 2 Immunity" This standard was issued on March 23, 1999 and implemented on April 1, 2000.

3: GB17625.1-2003 "Limits of harmonic currents emitted by low-voltage electrical and electronic equipment (equipment with current per phase of ￡16A)" This standard was issued on February 9, 2003 and implemented on May 1, 2003. It replaces GB17625.1-1998.

Importance of EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility Certification

1. As people continue to understand electromagnetic compatibility, the importance of electromagnetic compatibility has gradually increased. The continuous development of science and technology has expanded the scope of electromagnetic compatibility, and now the impact of electromagnetic compatibility is not only limited to electronic products and equipment themselves.

2. As the internal structure of electronic products becomes increasingly small and complex, electromagnetic compatibility issues become more and more important. For example, due to electromagnetic interference, radios cannot receive broadcasts, data from some electronic devices is lost during transmission, some medical electronic devices malfunction, triggering detonators to explode, and a certain control function of an industrial process completely fails.

3. Electromagnetic interference or the radiation it produces can also cause some subtle changes in the organism itself and produce certain effects. Because of these electromagnetic problems of interference and interference, it is particularly important to study the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic products.

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